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Second-generation immigrants in the United States
Second generation immigrants in the United States refers to individuals born in the United States who have at least one foreign born parent.〔Suro, Roberto, and Jeffrey Passel. "The Rise of the Second Generation: Changing Patterns in Hispanic Population Growth." Pew Hispanic Center, October 14, 2003. http://pewhispanic.org/files/reports/22.pdf (accessed March 2, 2012).〕 Although there is some ambiguity in reference to the definition of second generation immigrants, this definition is cited by major research centers such as the United States Census Bureau and the Pew Research Center.〔〔"Nation's Foreign-Born Population Nears 37 Million". Press Release. U.S. Census Bureau. October 19, 2010. http://www.census.gov/newsroom/releases/archives/foreignborn_population/cb10-159.html (accessed March 2, 2012).〕
Second generation immigrants are U.S. citizens by birth. U.S. citizenship is guaranteed in the Fourteenth Amendment to the United States Constitution; but political debate over repealing this right has increased in recent years. Advocates of this motion claim that this right attracts unauthorized immigration to the U.S.〔Passel, Jeffrey, and D'Vera Cohn. "Unauthorized Immigrant Population: National and State Trends, 2010." Pew Hispanic Center. February 1, 2011. http://www.pewhispanic.org/files/reports/133.pdf (accessed March 2, 2012).〕 The repeal of birthright citizenship would have the greatest impact on second generation immigrants who are Mexican Americans, as Mexico is the country of origin for the majority of undocumented immigrants in the U.S.〔
The growing presence of first generation immigrants in the U.S. has led to a growth in the percentage of the population that can be categorized as second generation immigrants. This is due to immigrants being more likely than native born adults to have children.〔Passel, Jeffrey, and Paul Taylor. "Unauthorized Immigrants and Their U.S.-Born Children." Pew Hispanic Center, August 11, 2010. http://www.pewhispanic.org/files/reports/125.pdf (accessed March 2, 2012).〕 In 2009, immigrants, both legal and unauthorized, were the parents of 23% of all children in the U.S.〔 The process by which second generation immigrants undergo assimilation into U.S. society affects their economic successes and educational attainments, with the general trend being an improvement in earnings and education relative to the parental generation. Second generation immigrants have an increasingly important impact on the national labor force and ethnic makeup.
==Statistics==
In 2009, 33 million people in the United States were second generation immigrants, representing 11% of the national population.〔 There are significant differences in income and education levels between the second generation immigrant population and the first generation immigrant population in the United States. Second generation immigrants are doing better overall and are assimilating more successfully into U.S. society.
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
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